What is the process of submitting a dispute to someone other than a judge called?

The process of submitting a dispute to someone other than a judge is known as arbitration. In arbitration, a neutral third party, called an arbitrator, is appointed to review the evidence and make a binding decision on the matter. This mechanism is often used to resolve disputes outside of the traditional court system, offering parties a more private and potentially less formal environment.

Arbitration is distinct from mediation, which involves a mediator facilitating negotiations between the parties but does not make a binding decision. It also differs from litigation, which refers to the process of taking legal action in a court setting, and a lawsuit, which is a specific type of litigation initiated to resolve a dispute. Arbitration tends to be quicker and less expensive than traditional court proceedings, making it an attractive option for many individuals and businesses seeking to resolve conflicts efficiently.